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You are here: Home / Research Animals / Environmental Enrichment and Exercise 
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Research Animals

The 1985 amendments to the Animal Welfare Act included provisions for the promotion of the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates and for exercise for dogs. Today, many research, teaching and testing facilities have established environmental enrichment programs for all animal species.

In this section, you will find general information on enrichment for laboratory animals. Species-specific information is found by going to the various Laboratory Animal Species pages of this site. Additional resources are found in the enrichment sections for Zoo, Circus and Marine Animals and Farm Animals.

Environmental Enrichment Custom Search Engine
Search specially selected materials from AWIC and other credible and reliable sources.

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Environmental Enrichment for Nonhuman Primates, 2009
USDA. NAL. Animal Welfare Information Center.
A bibliographic resource on nonhuman primate enrichment, including relevant web links, organizations, and product information.
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USDA Perspective on Environmental Enrichment for Animals  (PDF|275 KB)
ILAR Journal.
This article provides a brief history of the 1985 Animal Welfare Act amendments and information on implementation of the regulations regarding exercise for dogs and environmental enhancement for nonhuman primates.
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Guinea pig in a PVC environmental enrichment tubeRefinement and Environmental Enrichment Resources for All Animals Kept in Laboratories
Animal Welfare Institute.
This database contains reference material on all aspects of refinement of housing and handling conditions and environmental enrichment for all animals kept in research, testing and teaching institutions.
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The Shape of Enrichment's Safety Database
Shape of Enrichment.
This database allows you to search by animal taxa, enrichment device/materials, and hazard.
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Examples of enrichment toysEnvironmental Enrichment Suppliers and Products
USDA. NAL. Animal Welfare Information Center.
A list of products and suppliers provided as a resource for people who are looking to acquire enrichment items. This does not indicate endorsement by the Animal Welfare Information Center.
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Database on Refinement of Housing and Handling Conditions and Environmental Enrichment for Animals kept in Laboratories
Animal Welfare Institute.
This searchable database provides citations on refinement and environmental enrichment for rodents, rabbits, rats, dogs, ferrets, farm animals, horses, birds, fishes, amphibians and reptiles.
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Enrichment Online
Fort Worth Zoo.
In addition to accommodating detailed searches for enrichment ideas, this database is interactive, allowing users to input their own ideas and to provide comments on items already in the database.
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Refinement and Environmental Enrichment Databases
Animal Welfare Institute.
AWI has created searchable databases on refinement of techniques and enrichment of laboratory animals.
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Practical Enrichment Options for Animals Kept in Research Institutions
Animal Welfare Institute.
Enrichment ideas and practical tips from the "Laboratory Animals Refinement and Enrichment Forum" and from other published information.
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The Shape of Enrichment, Inc.
The Shape of Enrichment was founded in 1991 as a partnership to further animal enrichment efforts worldwide. Articles written in the quarterly publication are dedicated to exchanging enrichment ideas among animal caretakers. Past articles include enrichment techniques for exotic pigs, large ungulates, and a variety of bird species, as well as many other animals.
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Readings and Resources on Environmental Enrichment
University of California. Center for Animal Alternatives.
Dynamic searches of the Pubmed, Agricola, and AltWeb databases on environmental enrichment for common laboratory animal species.
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Experimental Animal User Training: Environmental Enrichment
Canadian Council on Animal Care.
A training course designed to teach animal care personnel about animal behavior, environmental enrichment strategies, and examples of enrichment for laboratory animals from mice to monkeys.
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An Animal Trainer's Introduction To Operant and Classical Conditioning
Stacy's Wag'N'Train.
Provides an introduction to terms used in training animals. Includes links to addtional web sites.
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Environmental Enrichment for Laboratory Animals: Birds, Cats, Dogs, Farm Animals, Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents, 1995
USDA. NAL. Animal Welfare Information Center.
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Last Modified: Nov 20, 2009  
Research Animals
  Laboratory Animal Species
  Wildlife in Field Studies
  Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees
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See Also
  Enrichment for Nonhuman Primates
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